Source Information

• Surname data source information

  Primary source:

  Wolfram|Alpha Knowledgebase, 2024.

  Background sources and references:

  • Hanks, P. (Ed.). Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.
  • Hanks, P. F., et al. The Oxford Names Companion. Oxford University Press, 2002.
  • Ingraham, H. People's Names: A Cross-Cultural Reference Guide to the Proper Use of over 40,000 Personal and Familial Names in over 100 Cultures. McFarlan & Co., 1997.
  • Reaney, P. H. and R. M. Wilson (Eds.). A Dictionary of English Surnames. (3rd ed.) Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Robb, H. A. and A. Chesler. Encyclopedia of American Family Names. (1st ed.) HarperCollins, 1995.
  • Smith, E. C. New Dictionary of American Family Names. Harper & Row, 1973.
  • United States Census Bureau, Population Division. "Genealogy: Frequently Occurring Surnames from Census 2000." Genealogy. »

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